Alzheimer’s Disease Determination by a Dual Probe on Gold Na

Zhengguo Qiu,¹ Qianhe Shen,² Chao Jiang,³ Li Yao,⁴ Xiaopeng Sun,⁵ Jing Li,⁶ Chongzhen Duan,¹ Rui Li,¹ Xiuli Li,¹ Subash CB Gopinath,^7,⁸ Periasamy Anbu,⁹ Thangavel Lakshmipriya,⁸ Xu Li¹⁰

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, People’s Republic of China; ²Department of Anesthesiology, Xi’an GemFlower Changqing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710200, People’s Republic of China; ³The Third Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, People’s Republic of China; ⁴Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Xidian Group, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710077, People’s Republic of China; ⁵Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, People’s Republic of China; ⁶Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, People’s Republic of China; ⁷Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; ⁸Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; ⁹Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Republic of Korea; ¹⁰Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Xu Li Email qzg2020@sina.com

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative chronic disorder that causes dementia and problems in thinking, cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a peptide involved in AD progression, and a high level of Aβ is highly correlated with severe AD. Identifying and quantifying Aβ levels helps in the early treatment of AD and reduces the factors associated with AD.
Materials and Methods: This research introduced a dual probe detection system involving aptamers and antibodies to identify Aβ. Aptamers and antibodies were attached to the gold (Au) urchin and hybrid on the carbon nanohorn-modified surface. The nanohorn was immobilized on the sensor surface by using an amine linker, and then a Au urchin dual probe was immobilized.
Results: This dual probe-modified surface enhanced the current flow during Aβ detection compared with the surface with antibody as the probe. This dual probe interacted with higher numbers of Aβ peptides and reached the detection limit at 10 fM with R²=0.992. Furthermore, control experiments with nonimmune antibodies, complementary aptamer sequences and control proteins did not display the current responses, indicating the specific detection of Aβ.
Conclusion: Aβ-spiked artificial cerebrospinal fluid showed a similar response to current changes, confirming the selective identification of Aβ.

Keywords: amyloid-beta, biomarker, nanomaterial, aptamer, antibody

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